Politics

M23, Kigali, minerals: The hidden war for Congo’s wealth

Since January 2025, M23 rebels have recaptured Goma and Bukavu with direct support from the Rwandan army. A confidential UN report reveals the scale...

Modibo Keïta, first President of Mali

Modibo Keïta, first president of independent Mali, was far more than a head of state: a trained teacher, committed socialist, and uncompromising pan-Africanist, he...

RDC–Rwanda: A peace deal… under supervision

Signed in Washington under the aegis of Donald Trump, the agreement between Kigali and Kinshasa for peace in eastern DRC reflects less a diplomatic...

“Antonio Maceo, the ‘Black Titan’”

Reduced to a statue in official memory, Antonio Maceo was nonetheless one of the Spanish Empire’s most feared strategists. The son of a freed...

The war in Cameroon: A bloody decolonization long kept in silence

As African independences are being commemorated, one name remains strangely absent from official narratives: that of the Cameroon War. Between 1955 and 1971, a...

Jean-Claude Duvalier or the failure of a black republic

Jean-Claude Duvalier, heir to a throne built on fear, did not govern—he prolonged the shadow. From his teenage rise to power to his gilded...

Mé 67: Three days of fire, fifty years of oblivion

In May 1967 (Mé 67), Guadeloupe erupted in a blaze of social and racial anger. Three days of fire, blood, and silence—still denied by...

COINTELPRO and Malcolm X: A secret war against black voices

Beyond the assassination of Malcolm X lies a state strategy: surveillance, infiltration, sabotage. A look back at COINTELPRO, the FBI's secret program designed to...

100 years later: Why does Malcolm X still disturb Us?

A century after his birth, Malcolm X continues to disturb. Radical thought, Pan-African strategy, rejection of compromise—he embodies a defiant voice that history has...

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