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	<title>History &#8211; Nofi Media</title>
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	<title>History &#8211; Nofi Media</title>
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		<title>Abidjan, September 19, 2002: The Night Everything Changed</title>
		<link>https://www.nofi.media/en/2026/05/abidjan-september-19-2002-the-night-everything-changed/100260?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=abidjan-september-19-2002-the-night-everything-changed</link>
					<comments>https://www.nofi.media/en/2026/05/abidjan-september-19-2002-the-night-everything-changed/100260#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Oceanne Nofi]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 29 May 2026 10:38:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Laurent Gbagbo]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[Long portrayed as the “showcase” of West Africa, Côte d’Ivoire descended into civil war on the night of September 19, 2002. Behind the crackle of gunfire and the partition of the country lay decades of political, social, and identity fractures, fueled by personal ambitions and external interference. Looking back at a crisis that reshaped the [&#8230;]]]></description>
		
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		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">100260</post-id>	</item>
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		<title>Ravine-à-Couleuvres: Toussaint vs. Rochambeau, the Bitter Duel That Decided Haiti’s Fate</title>
		<link>https://www.nofi.media/en/2026/05/ravine-a-couleuvres-toussaint-vs-rochambeau-the-bitter-duel-that-decided-haitis-fate/100258?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=ravine-a-couleuvres-toussaint-vs-rochambeau-the-bitter-duel-that-decided-haitis-fate</link>
					<comments>https://www.nofi.media/en/2026/05/ravine-a-couleuvres-toussaint-vs-rochambeau-the-bitter-duel-that-decided-haitis-fate/100258#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Oceanne Nofi]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 29 May 2026 10:35:32 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[NOFI]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Napoléon Bonaparte]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Saint-Domingue]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[On February 23, 1802, in a narrow gorge of the Artibonite, Toussaint Louverture’s troops confronted Rochambeau’s French army. A French victory? A Haitian defeat? In reality, Ravine-à-Couleuvres illustrates the ambiguity of colonial warfare: an inconclusive yet decisive battle, where the determination of the insurgents already foreshadowed the failure of Napoleon’s expedition. The Echo of Blood-Stained [&#8230;]]]></description>
		
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		<title>The Bantu Expansion: The Migration That Shaped a Continent</title>
		<link>https://www.nofi.media/en/2026/05/the-bantu-expansion-the-migration-that-shaped-a-continent/100252?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=the-bantu-expansion-the-migration-that-shaped-a-continent</link>
					<comments>https://www.nofi.media/en/2026/05/the-bantu-expansion-the-migration-that-shaped-a-continent/100252#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Oceanne Nofi]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 29 May 2026 10:27:40 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[Often overlooked, the Bantu expansion was the greatest demographic upheaval of precolonial Africa. Over several millennia, communities originating in the grassfields of the Nigeria–Cameroon borderlands reshaped the linguistic, genetic, and cultural landscape of sub-Saharan Africa. A silent conquest, without empire or chroniclers, whose traces still mark the history of African peoples today. WHEN THE FOREST [&#8230;]]]></description>
		
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		<title>October 7, 1792: The Day Toussaint Became Louverture</title>
		<link>https://www.nofi.media/en/2026/05/october-7-1792-the-day-toussaint-became-louverture/100229?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=october-7-1792-the-day-toussaint-became-louverture</link>
					<comments>https://www.nofi.media/en/2026/05/october-7-1792-the-day-toussaint-became-louverture/100229#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Oceanne Nofi]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 29 May 2026 09:53:52 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[abolition]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[indépendance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[NOFI]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Saint-Domingue]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[On October 7, 1792, on the heights of Morne Pelé, a little-known former slave named Toussaint faced the French troops of Cap-Français for the first time. It was not a great battle, barely a skirmish. Yet, in the smoke of that forgotten clash, a destiny was born. There, amid the chaos of a burning Saint-Domingue, [&#8230;]]]></description>
		
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		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">100229</post-id>	</item>
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		<title>Thomas Sankara: The Man, the Revolution, the Legacy</title>
		<link>https://www.nofi.media/en/2026/05/thomas-sankara-the-man-the-revolution-the-legacy/100214?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=thomas-sankara-the-man-the-revolution-the-legacy</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Oceanne Nofi]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 29 May 2026 09:01:31 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[frantz fanon]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[thomas sankara]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[anti-impérialisme]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Justice sociale]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[panafricanisme]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[burkina faso]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Blaise Compaoré]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ouagadougou]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[Born in 1949 in a still-colonial Upper Volta, Thomas Sankara embodied the African dream of independence and dignity. A philosopher-soldier turned head of state, he transformed his country into Burkina Faso, the “land of upright people,” where he sought to prove that a poor nation could live free. In four remarkable years, he launched a [&#8230;]]]></description>
		
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">100214</post-id>	</item>
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		<title>The 1987 Coup in Burkina Faso: The Betrayal of Africa’s Century</title>
		<link>https://www.nofi.media/en/2026/05/the-1987-coup-in-burkina-faso-the-betrayal-of-africas-century/100212?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=the-1987-coup-in-burkina-faso-the-betrayal-of-africas-century</link>
					<comments>https://www.nofi.media/en/2026/05/the-1987-coup-in-burkina-faso-the-betrayal-of-africas-century/100212#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Oceanne Nofi]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 29 May 2026 08:38:50 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ouagadougou]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[thomas sankara]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Justice sociale]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[panafricanisme]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[burkina faso]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Blaise Compaoré]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[On October 15, 1987, gunfire erupted across Ouagadougou. Within minutes, Thomas Sankara, President of Burkina Faso, fell under the bullets of his own comrades-in-arms. Behind this coup d’état lay far more than a struggle for power: it was the assassination of an African ideal. The Twilight of a Dream Ouagadougou, October 15, 1987, shortly after [&#8230;]]]></description>
		
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			<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">100212</post-id>	</item>
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		<title>The Berlin Conference (1884–1885), or the Founding Act of the Modern Colonial World</title>
		<link>https://www.nofi.media/en/2026/05/the-berlin-conference-1884-1885-or-the-founding-act-of-the-modern-colonial-world/100189?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=the-berlin-conference-1884-1885-or-the-founding-act-of-the-modern-colonial-world</link>
					<comments>https://www.nofi.media/en/2026/05/the-berlin-conference-1884-1885-or-the-founding-act-of-the-modern-colonial-world/100189#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Oceanne Nofi]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 28 May 2026 12:38:48 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Politics]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[How Fourteen Powers Redrew a Continent and Prepared a Century of Fractures Between November 1884 and February 1885, the Berlin Conference brought together fourteen European powers to define the rules governing the conquest of Africa. Not a single sovereign from the continent was invited. Behind the diplomatic formulas, the international agreement validated military occupation, the [&#8230;]]]></description>
		
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			<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">100189</post-id>	</item>
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		<title>Furcy, or When Colonial Law Manufactures the Slave</title>
		<link>https://www.nofi.media/en/2026/05/furcy-or-when-colonial-law-manufactures-the-slave/100169?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=furcy-or-when-colonial-law-manufactures-the-slave</link>
					<comments>https://www.nofi.media/en/2026/05/furcy-or-when-colonial-law-manufactures-the-slave/100169#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Oceanne Nofi]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 28 May 2026 11:56:14 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Code Noir]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[Before the abolition of slavery in 1848, Furcy undertook one of the longest legal battles against slavery in French history. Legally born free, he was nevertheless kept in bondage by the colonial courts of Bourbon Island. His case reveals how the law was subordinated to slaveholding interests — and why his freedom was only recognized [&#8230;]]]></description>
		
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			<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">100169</post-id>	</item>
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		<title>Triangular Trade, or How Slavery Shaped the Modern Global Economy</title>
		<link>https://www.nofi.media/en/2026/05/triangular-trade-or-how-slavery-shaped-the-modern-global-economy/100114?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=triangular-trade-or-how-slavery-shaped-the-modern-global-economy</link>
					<comments>https://www.nofi.media/en/2026/05/triangular-trade-or-how-slavery-shaped-the-modern-global-economy/100114#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Oceanne Nofi]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2026 13:38:18 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[histoire africaine]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[Triangular trade cannot be reduced to a simple exchange between Europe, Africa, and the Americas. It was one of the first fully globalized economic systems, built on the deportation of millions of Africans and the exploitation of their labor on plantations. Through its mechanisms, its violence, and its logic of accumulation, it profoundly transformed the [&#8230;]]]></description>
		
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		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">100114</post-id>	</item>
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		<title>Maryse Condé</title>
		<link>https://www.nofi.media/en/2026/05/maryse-conde/100085?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=maryse-conde</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Oceanne Nofi]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 22 May 2026 15:33:04 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[Maryse Liliane Appoline Boucolon, known as Maryse Condé, was a Guadeloupean novelist, born on February 11, 1937, in Pointe-à-Pitre (Guadeloupe). She published numerous historical novels, including *Segou and Moi* and *I, Tituba, Black Witch of Salem*… Through them, she introduced readers to Africa, which held a central place in her heart. “La Vie sans fards [&#8230;]]]></description>
		
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">100085</post-id>	</item>
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